一、权限
这个false， 可以防止不让没有摄像头的设备安装 设置横屏
二、布局文件
这是用于放Camera的Frame框架
三、创建CameraPriview类，继承自SurfaceView。
package com.smarttpanorama.view;import java.io.IOException;import android.content.Context;import android.hardware.Camera;import android.util.Log;import android.view.SurfaceHolder;import android.view.SurfaceView;public class CameraPreview extends SurfaceView implements SurfaceHolder.Callback{ private SurfaceHolder mHolder; private Camera mCamera; @SuppressWarnings("deprecation") public CameraPreview(Context context,Camera camera) { super(context); mCamera = camera; // Install a SurfaceHolder.Callback so we get notified when the // underlying surface is created and destroyed. mHolder = getHolder(); mHolder.addCallback(this); //deprecated setting,but required on Android versions prior to 3.0 mHolder.setType(SurfaceHolder.SURFACE_TYPE_PUSH_BUFFERS); } @Override public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int width, int height) { // If your preview can change or rotate, take care of those events here. // Make sure to stop the preview before resizing or reformatting it. if (mHolder.getSurface() == null){ // preview surface does not exist return; } // stop preview before making changes try { mCamera.stopPreview(); } catch (Exception e){ // ignore: tried to stop a non-existent preview } // set preview size and make any resize, rotate or // reformatting changes here // start preview with new settings try { mCamera.setPreviewDisplay(mHolder); mCamera.startPreview(); } catch (Exception e){ Log.d("TAG", "Error starting camera preview: " + e.getMessage()); } } @Override public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) { if(null != mCamera) { // The Surface has been created, now tell the camera where to draw the preview. try { mCamera.setPreviewDisplay(holder);//通过surfaceview显示取景画面 } catch (IOException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } mCamera.startPreview(); } } @Override public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) { if(null != mCamera) { mCamera.setPreviewCallback(null); //！！这个必须在前，不然退出出错 mCamera.stopPreview(); mCamera.release(); mCamera = null; } }}
注意：在OnDestroy里已经写过release()释放过程。在Activity的Onpause里就不要再写一遍了，否则会出现 method called after release()错误
三、CaptureActivity.java
import java.io.File;import java.io.FileNotFoundException;import java.io.FileOutputStream;import java.io.IOException;import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;import java.util.Date;import android.annotation.SuppressLint;import android.app.Activity;import android.content.Context;import android.content.pm.PackageManager;import android.graphics.PixelFormat;import android.hardware.Camera;import android.hardware.Camera.AutoFocusCallback;import android.hardware.Camera.CameraInfo;import android.hardware.Camera.Parameters;import android.hardware.Camera.PictureCallback;import android.net.Uri;import android.os.Bundle;import android.os.Environment;import android.util.Log;import android.view.Menu;import android.view.MenuItem;import android.view.View;import android.widget.Button;import android.widget.FrameLayout;import android.widget.Toast;import com.smarttpanorama.tools.Constant;import com.smarttpanorama.view.CameraPreview;import com.smarttpapers.smarttpanorama.R;public class CaptureActivity extends Activity { public static final int MEDIA_TYPE_IMAGE = 1;// public static final int MEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO = 2; private Camera mCamera; private CameraPreview mPreview; private Button BtnCapureLeft; private Button BtnCapureRight; private static int picCount = 0; //将拍照结果存入文件 private PictureCallback mPicture = new PictureCallback() { @Override public void onPictureTaken(byte[] data, Camera camera) { //得到文件名 File pictureFile = getOutputMediaFile(MEDIA_TYPE_IMAGE); if (pictureFile == null){ Log.d("TAG", "Error creating media file, check storage permissions"); return; } //写入文件 try { FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(pictureFile); fos.write(data); fos.close(); } catch (FileNotFoundException e) { Log.d("TAG", "File not found: " + e.getMessage()); } catch (IOException e) { Log.d("TAG", "Error accessing file: " + e.getMessage()); } //显示在上边 } }; @SuppressLint("NewApi") @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_capture); findViews(); if(checkCameraHardware(this) == false){ Toast.makeText(this, "no camera on this device", Toast.LENGTH_LONG) .show(); }else{ // Create an instance of Camera// mCamera = Constant.getCameraInstance(); //正常情况下这样调用。每种设备默认摄像头不同。但是现在默认要得到后置摄像头 //切换前后摄像头 int cameraCount = 0; CameraInfo cameraInfo = new CameraInfo(); cameraCount = Camera.getNumberOfCameras();//得到摄像头的个数 Log.w("摄像头数量",cameraCount+""); for(int i = 0; i < cameraCount; i++) { Camera.getCameraInfo(i, cameraInfo);//得到每一个摄像头的信息 //代表摄像头的方位，CAMERA_FACING_FRONT前置 CAMERA_FACING_BACK后置 if(cameraInfo.facing == Camera.CameraInfo.CAMERA_FACING_FRONT) { Log.w("摄像头","前置");// mCamera.setPreviewCallback(null); //！！这个必须在前，不然退出出错// mCamera.stopPreview();//停掉原来摄像头的预览// mCamera.release();//释放资源// mCamera = null;//取消原来摄像头 mCamera = Camera.open(i);//打开当前选中的摄像头// try {// mCamera.setPreviewDisplay(holder);//通过surfaceview显示取景画面// } catch (IOException e) {// // TODO Auto-generated catch block// e.printStackTrace();// }// mCamera.startPreview();//开始预览 break; } } // Create our Preview view and set it as the content of our activity. mPreview = new CameraPreview(this, mCamera);// mPreview = new CameraPreview(this); FrameLayout preview = (FrameLayout) findViewById(R.id.FrameCaptureView); preview.addView(mPreview); SetListener(); } } @Override public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) { // Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present. getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu); return true; } @Override public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) { // Handle action bar item clicks here. The action bar will // automatically handle clicks on the Home/Up button, so long // as you specify a parent activity in AndroidManifest.xml. int id = item.getItemId(); if (id == R.id.action_settings) { return true; } return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item); } @Override protected void onPause() { super.onPause(); } private void captureAndStartShowPic(){ if(null != mCamera) { mCamera.autoFocus(new AutoFocusCallback() {//自动对焦 @Override public void onAutoFocus(boolean success, Camera camera) { if(success) {// //设置参数，并拍照// Parameters params = camera.getParameters();// params.setPictureFormat(PixelFormat.JPEG);//图片格式// params.setPreviewSize(800, 480);//图片大小// camera.setParameters(params);//将参数设置到我的camera camera.takePicture(null, null, mPicture);//将拍摄到的照片给自定义的对象 } } }); // get an image from the camera// mCamera.takePicture(null, null, mPicture); // Intent intent = new Intent();// intent.setClass(this, ShowPicActivity.class);// startActivity(intent); } } /** Check if this device has a camera */ private boolean checkCameraHardware(Context context) { if (context.getPackageManager().hasSystemFeature(PackageManager.FEATURE_CAMERA)){ // this device has a camera return true; } else { // no camera on this device return false; } } /** Create a file Uri for saving an image or video */ private static Uri getOutputMediaFileUri(int type){ return Uri.fromFile(getOutputMediaFile(type)); } /** Create a File for saving an image or video */ private static File getOutputMediaFile(int type){ // To be safe, you should check that the SDCard is mounted // using Environment.getExternalStorageState() before doing this. File mediaStorageDir = new File(Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(// Environment.DIRECTORY_DCIM), "Camera"); Environment.DIRECTORY_PICTURES), "SmarttEye"); // This location works best if you want the created images to be shared // between applications and persist after your app has been uninstalled. // Create the storage directory if it does not exist if (! mediaStorageDir.exists()){ if (! mediaStorageDir.mkdirs()){ Log.d("Camera", "failed to create directory"); return null; } } // Create a media file name String timeStamp = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMdd_HHmmss").format(new Date()); File mediaFile; if (type == MEDIA_TYPE_IMAGE){ String FileName = mediaStorageDir.getPath() + File.separator + "IMG_"+ timeStamp + ".jpg"; if(picCount % 2 == 0){ Constant.FIRST_FILE_NAME = FileName; }else{ Constant.SECOND_FILE_NAME = FileName; } mediaFile = new File(FileName); // } else if(type == MEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO) {// mediaFile = new File(mediaStorageDir.getPath() + File.separator +// "VID_"+ timeStamp + ".mp4"); } else { return null; } return mediaFile; } private void SetListener() { // Add a listener to the Capture button BtnCapureLeft.setOnClickListener( new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { picCount++; captureAndStartShowPic(); } } ); BtnCapureRight.setOnClickListener( new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { picCount++; captureAndStartShowPic(); } } ); } private void findViews() { BtnCapureLeft = (Button) findViewById(R.id.BtnCaptureLeft); BtnCapureRight = (Button) findViewById(R.id.BtnCaptureRight); }}
在这个程序中。默认使用后置摄像头。所以注释掉了一部分代码。如果程序中需要手动切换摄像头。需要先release()掉之前的摄像头。再启动另一个。
前置后置摄像头的交换，要放在Activity里。否则在CameraPreview里切换了摄像头。之前的已经release掉了。Activity里再进行操作 就会报错（猜测）
四、保存的路径
File mediaStorageDir = new File(Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(// Environment.DIRECTORY_DCIM), "Camera"); 这个路径 是系统拍照保存的路径。在根路经DCIM\Camera Environment.DIRECTORY_PICTURES), "SmarttEye"); 这个是获取系统图片存放的路径。在根目录的“pictures”处
注意有些程序，在自定义camera拍完后，显示在图库中有延迟
五、拍照 得到的data 在这里。取到ImageView里边的时候。可以使用data。但是很多文章里，写会很费内存
private PictureCallback mPicture = new PictureCallback() { @Override public void onPictureTaken(byte[] data, Camera camera) { //得到文件名 File pictureFile = getOutputMediaFile(MEDIA_TYPE_IMAGE); if (pictureFile == null){ Log.d("TAG", "Error creating media file, check storage permissions"); return; } //写入文件 try { FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(pictureFile); fos.write(data); fos.close(); } catch (FileNotFoundException e) { Log.d("TAG", "File not found: " + e.getMessage()); } catch (IOException e) { Log.d("TAG", "Error accessing file: " + e.getMessage()); } //显示在上边 } };